![]() ![]() Incomplete/unsuccessful removal would lead. The paper suggests that identifying the incentives that drive political parties to adopt “good” practices (such as alliances with local organizations) may be far more useful for studying the institutionalization of democratic parties. MacVector cannot be removed completely from Mac, there are still some files and components leaving on the computer. ![]() The overemphasis on electoral gain as a measure of institutionalization neglects the fact that parties often rely heavily on other means to access power besides vote mobilization. Examining institutionalization criteria proposed by Huntington and Mainwaring and Scully (adaptability, complexity, autonomy and value infusion) in the light of this evidence the author finds that the criteria do not explain how “weak” institutions are often politically successful and historically persistent. The hypothesis proposed by some scholars that the AIML based its demands for Pakistan on the increase in vote share between 19-6 is rejected Muslim support for the war effort during the 1945-6 period is found to be a far more important political lever when bargaining for near-equal status with the numerically stronger Congress Party. The party benefited from Jinnah’s ability to broker power with the British government and make alliances with religious and political leaders in the provinces it therefore dominated discourse on Muslim nationalism far more effectively than other parties. ![]() Using election data from 19-6, correspondence between Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the leaders of the All India Muslim League (AIML), his letters and speeches to the British Crown and newspaper articles in the English and Urdu press, this paper shows that the AIML was successful in its struggle for political significance because of its highly centralized institutional structure. ![]()
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